Solved: Calculating difference between rows (Duration).

Anonymous · ‎03-19-2019

Ive searched and found similiar solutions to my problem but not excactly what i need to make it work. Really need help at this point.

I mocked up excactly what i need in Excel as an example, butI need the time difference between two rows as show in the snip in Power BI. Not sure if Query M or if DAX is the right way to go.

I do love figuring these things out by digging around the Community, but im short on time. Any help is appreciated

Anonymous · ‎03-19-2019

Can handle something like this ( as with pretty much everything) in Power Query or DAX. I prefer to use Power Query for as much as I can, so that's the route I went. Please see the attached PBIX file below and you can step through the applied steps, but here's a quick overview:

Sort the data ascending by Date and then by time
Group the data by date, as I assume there will be more than 1 day of data
Add an Index column to each sub-table, one starting at 1 and one starting at 0
Merge the sub-table with itself using those two index columns
1. This will pull in the previous row's time (and since we sorted earlier, it is in the correct order)
Expand the merged table to show Time.1
Sort the sub-table again, by Time and ascending
Add a custom colum to each sub-table that subtracts Time and Time.1, this is your duration
Select only the columns you want ( in the example I kept Date, Time, Duration)
Expand the entire column and all your data will be there with the appropriate Duration measure
Set your data types and you are good to go

Here's the code if you are so inclined, I'd rather step through but that's just me

let
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("bVJJjgJBDPtLn5HIWou/gvj/N3CB0DBKpD7ZFTux+/G4/K77bqL7ul0CGZB1PW//cYNt5Ci4QxWSDZ4TPgseUOJVP2AOkwb3zZGCJ8W79wMqiCi4GnRQqyPo3FymDtnwRmqcjLx6kzB+VokFpVTjsZCri5vPjYvVXEmkd8GaIJMlVcLf1X0nTH4qIm4Fz5NU7ILz5rNuwSc0EFLwBZuI6suCZMG1EgrNv2B/CIOwbe8I/mZWd2V5rryvJTjUSMUpT+p5p1Xt8vvU3XnMU543UutEqI35ZlDd5XT2Y1MJRsK661an7vWWer4A", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [Column1 = _t, Column2 = _t]),
    #"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(Source,{{"Column1", type date}, {"Column2", type time}}),
    #"Renamed Columns" = Table.RenameColumns(#"Changed Type",{{"Column1", "Date"}, {"Column2", "Time"}}),
    #"Sorted Rows" = Table.Sort(#"Renamed Columns",{{"Date", Order.Ascending}, {"Time", Order.Ascending}}),
    #"Grouped Rows" = Table.Group(#"Sorted Rows", {"Date"}, {{"Data", each _, type table}}),
    #"Removed Columns" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Grouped Rows",{"Date"}),
    #"Added Custom" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns", "Index1", each Table.AddIndexColumn( [Data], "Index", 1,1)),
    #"Removed Columns1" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom",{"Data"}),
    #"Added Custom1" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns1", "Index2", each Table.AddIndexColumn( [Index1], "Index2", 0, 1)),
    #"Removed Columns2" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom1",{"Index1"}),
    #"Added Custom2" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns2", "Merge", each Table.NestedJoin(
[Index2], {"Index2"}, 
[Index2], {"Index"},
"Merged",
JoinKind.LeftOuter
)),
    #"Removed Columns3" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom2",{"Index2"}),
    #"Added Custom3" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns3", "Custom", each Table.ExpandTableColumn([Merge], "Merged", {"Time"}, {"Time.1"})),
    #"Removed Columns4" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom3",{"Merge"}),
    #"Added Custom4" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns4", "Custom.1", each Table.Sort([Custom],{{"Time", Order.Ascending}})),
    #"Removed Columns5" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom4",{"Custom"}),
    #"Added Custom5" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns5", "Custom", each Table.AddColumn(
[Custom.1],
"Duration",
each
[Time] - [Time.1]
)),
    #"Removed Columns6" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom5",{"Custom.1"}),
    #"Added Custom6" = Table.AddColumn(#"Removed Columns6", "Custom.1", each Table.SelectColumns([Custom],{"Date", "Time", "Duration"})),
    #"Removed Columns7" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Added Custom6",{"Custom"}),
    #"Expanded Custom.1" = Table.ExpandTableColumn(#"Removed Columns7", "Custom.1", {"Date", "Time", "Duration"}, {"Date", "Time", "Duration"}),
    #"Changed Type1" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(#"Expanded Custom.1",{{"Date", type date}, {"Time", type time}, {"Duration", type duration}})
in
    #"Changed Type1"

Final Table:

PBIX File

https://1drv.ms/u/s!Amqd8ArUSwDS0AvvfmqTtcjGCqmj

Hope it helps!

-Nick

View solution in original post

v-lili6-msft · ‎03-20-2019

hi, @Anonymous

I suggest you use DAX to add a column

Step1:

Add an Index column based on Created Date clolumn

You could do this in Edit Queries or use Rankx Function

Step2:

Create a column by this formula

Spoiler

Duration = DATEDIFF('Table'[Created Date],CALCULATE(MAX('Table'[Created Date]),FILTER('Table','Table'[Index]=EARLIER('Table'[Index])+1)),SECOND)

Result:

here is pbix file, please try it.

Best Regards,

Lin

Community Support Team _ Lin
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