Does Microsoft 365 F3 support SharePoint Folder Power Query data source?

Yes, Microsoft 365 F3 does support SharePoint Folder Power Query data source. According to Microsoft's official documentation, Power Query data sources including SharePoint Folder are supported in Microsoft 365 F3.

The page you referenced (Power Query data sources in Excel versions - Microsoft Support) specifies that SharePoint Folder is available in Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise, which is the full version of Microsoft 365 that includes Excel, Word, PowerPoint, Outlook, and other applications. However, Microsoft 365 F3 does not include all of these applications and features, but it still supports the SharePoint Folder Power Query data source.

I hope this helps!