Automating Daily Treasury Interest Rates in Power BI Using Power Query

[johnbasha33]

📌 Problem Statement

In many financial dashboards and models, daily interest rates — especially Treasury Bill (T-Bill) rates — are critical data points.
Traditionally, this information is either:

• Manually downloaded,

• Updated periodically via spreadsheets, or

• Hardcoded into static tables.

👉 However, manually maintaining this data introduces:

• Risk of errors,

• Time overhead,

• Lack of real-time updates.

In a dynamic world, an automated solution is needed to fetch daily updated Treasury Bill rates directly inside Power BI — without needing to maintain tables manually.

🛠️ The Solution: Automate via Power Query (M Language)

I created a simple but powerful Power Query script that dynamically fetches current year T-Bill rates straight from the U.S. Treasury website and loads them into Power BI.

Here's the full code:

let
// Define base URL
BaseUrl = "https://home.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/interest-rates/TextView",

// Dynamic part
CurrentYear = Date.Year(DateTime.LocalNow()),
QueryString = "?type=daily_treasury_bill_rates&field_tdr_date_value=" & Text.From(CurrentYear),

// Use Web.Contents with separate RelativePath
Source = Web.Page(Web.Contents(BaseUrl, [RelativePath = QueryString])),

// Continue as normal
Data = Source{0}[Data],
RenamedColumns = Table.RenameColumns(Data, {{"COUPON EQUIVALENT", "4 Week COUPON EQUIVALENT"}}),
SelectedColumns = Table.SelectColumns(RenamedColumns, {"Date", "4 WEEKS BANK DISCOUNT", "4 Week COUPON EQUIVALENT"}),
ChangedTypes = Table.TransformColumnTypes(SelectedColumns, {
{"Date", type date},
{"4 Week COUPON EQUIVALENT", type number},
{"4 WEEKS BANK DISCOUNT", type number}
}),
#"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(ChangedTypes,{{"4 Week COUPON EQUIVALENT", Percentage.Type}}),
#"Filtered Rows" = Table.SelectRows(#"Changed Type", each [Date] > #date(2025, 3, 31))
in
#"Filtered Rows"

How It Works 🧠

• Base URL points to the Treasury official website.

• Current year is dynamically calculated using Date.Year(DateTime.LocalNow()), so no need to manually update the year every January!

• Web.Contents + RelativePath cleanly pulls the targeted page.

• Web.Page extracts the tabular data from the page.

• Filtering ensures only future or recent dates are pulled, based on a threshold (#date(2025, 3, 31) here).

• Renaming/Transforming makes the data clean, user-friendly, and ready for reporting.

Benefits to the Community 🎯

• Zero Maintenance
  Once set up, Power BI refreshes Treasury rates automatically without manual intervention.

• Always Updated
  Data stays fresh and current, directly from the U.S. Treasury.

• Dynamic Year Handling
  No need to hardcode years — perfect for annual reporting without changes.

• Time Saver
  Saves significant manual effort, reducing chances of errors.

• Professional Dashboards
  Enables you to easily integrate daily rates into interest income models, investment dashboards, and treasury reporting systems.

Closing Thoughts 📈

This small but powerful automation removes manual dependency and ensures that Power BI models always operate with the latest financial rates.
A must-have feature for any financial analyst, investment professional, or corporate finance team using Power BI!

Feel free to adapt this solution based on your local regulations, treasury sources, or modify the filtering logic to fit your reporting cycles.

Happy Power Querying! 🚀

Bonus:

If you'd like a version that covers multiple years or builds a historical dataset, I’d be happy to share that in a future blog. Let me know in comments!

✅ Author: John Basha (johnbasha33) — Super User, Fabric Community

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