The provisional data of the Census 2011 was made public on March 31, 2011. It stated that India’s population has touched a new figure of 1.21 billion with a rise of over 181 million from the last decade. Now, India’s population has touched the combined population of the well-known countries like the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Japan that is 1,214.3 million. It is the 15th Census of India since 1872 and has presented many significant facts some of which are encouraging, while some discouraging as well. The most significant encouraging trend that decade witnessed was the addition of a smaller population than the decade that had just preceded, i.e., 1991-2001. The significant fact that has come to light is within the last 6 years. 5 States- Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan have added considerably to the population growth as half of the kids in these States belong to the age group of 1 to 6. During the past decade (1991-2001) these two States had shown the growth of 25.9 percent and 28.9 percent, respectively, whereas during the present decade (2001-2011) the growth has come down to 20.1 percent, respectively.
Kerala has also shown a declining trend in population growth by 9.4 percent, which is very enc9ouraging. One point is a must remember that Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have taken together alone account for 25 percent of India’s overall population of 121 crores and any trend that pinpoints the decline in population growth is very heartening.
The Census figures indicate an increase in sex ratio in 20 States and Union Territories, with women outnumbering in Kerala. There were 1,084 women against 1000 men in Kerala, followed by Pondicherry where the figure was 1038. Daman and Diu have a sex ratio of 618, next only to Dadra and Nagar Haveli at 775. Among the districts, Make has the highest sex ratio of 1,176 followed by Almora in Uttarakhand, where it is 1,142. The three major States of Jammu and Kashmir, Bihar, and Gujarat have shown a decline in the sex ratio compared with the figures of Census 2001, while 29 States and Union Territories have shown an increase.
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