Assistance Needed with DAX Measure for Calculating Sequential Distance in Power BI

Hi Joaomatos2002, 

Comment: are you sure that you have correct distance calculated in your sample?

DAX solution (power bi files attached. First as a simple measure, second with calculated columns as helper)

Output

Create as a new measure:

Distance KM = 
VAR _IDCard = SELECTEDVALUE(Table1[ID_CARD])
VAR _endTime = SELECTEDVALUE(Table1[ENDTIME])
VAR _lat = SELECTEDVALUE(Table1[latitude])
VAR _lon = SELECTEDVALUE(Table1[longitude])
VAR _PI_D180 = PI()/180

VAR _tbl = 
    TOPN(
        1,
        FILTER(
            ALL(Table1),
            Table1[ID_CARD] = _IDCard &&
            Table1[ENDTIME] < _endTime
        ),
        [ENDTIME],
        DESC
    )

VAR _latPrev = 
    COALESCE(
        CALCULATE(
            MIN(Table1[latitude]),
            _tbl
        ),
        _lat
    )

VAR _lonPrev = 
    COALESCE(
        CALCULATE(
            MIN(Table1[longitude]),
            _tbl
        ),
        _lon
    )

VAR _result = ACOS(SIN(_lat*_PI_D180)*SIN(_latPrev*_PI_D180)+COS(_lat*_PI_D180)*COS(_latPrev*_PI_D180)*COS((_lonPrev*_PI_D180)-(_lon*_PI_D180)))*6371

VAR _result2 = IF(ISINSCOPE(Table1[ID_CARD]), _result)

RETURN _result2

Power Query solution:

Output:

let
    fnShift = (tbl as table, col as text, shift as nullable number, optional newColName as text, optional _type as type) as table =>
        //v 3. parametri zadaj zaporne cislo ak chces posunut riadky hore, kladne ak dole, 4. je nepovinny (novy nazov stlpca), 5. je nepovinny typ
        let
            a = Table.Column(tbl, col),
            b = if shift = 0 or shift = null then a else if shift > 0
                then List.Repeat({null}, shift) & List.RemoveLastN(a, shift)
                else List.RemoveFirstN(a, shift * -1) & List.Repeat({null}, shift * -1),    
            c = Table.FromColumns(Table.ToColumns(tbl) & {b}, Table.ColumnNames(tbl) &
                ( if newColName <> null then {newColName} else
                    if shift = 0 then {col & "_Duplicate"} else
                    if shift > 0 then {col & "_PrevValue"} 
                    else              {col & "_NextValue"} )),
            d = Table.TransformColumnTypes(c, {List.Last(Table.ColumnNames(c)), if _type <> null then _type else type any})
        in
            d,

    fnDistance = 
        (lat1 as number, lon1 as number, lat2 as number, lon2 as number, optional km_or_mi as text)=>
        let
            lat1_rad = lat1/ 180 * Number.PI,
            lon1_rad = lon1 / 180 * Number.PI,
            lat2_rad = lat2/ 180 * Number.PI,
            lon2_rad = lon2 / 180 * Number.PI,
            unit = if km_or_mi = "mi" then 3959 else 6371, //Earth radius 3959 for miles, 6371 for kilometers
            distance = Number.Acos(Number.Sin(lat1_rad) * Number.Sin(lat2_rad) + Number.Cos(lat1_rad) * Number.Cos(lat2_rad) * Number.Cos(lon2_rad-lon1_rad)) * unit

        in
            distance,

    fnCalc = 
        (myTable as table)=>
        [
            // _Detail = GroupedRows{[ID_CARD="A"]}[fnCalc],
            _Detail = myTable,
            _SortedRows = Table.Sort(_Detail, {{"ENDTIME", Order.Ascending}}),
            _Ad_LatLong_PrevValues = fnShift(fnShift(_SortedRows, "latitude", 1, null, type number), "longitude", 1, null, type number),
            _Ad_Distance = Table.AddColumn(_Ad_LatLong_PrevValues, "distanceKM", each fnDistance([latitude], [longitude], [latitude_PrevValue]? ?? [latitude], [longitude_PrevValue]? ?? [longitude], "km"), type number),
            _RemovedColumns = Table.RemoveColumns(_Ad_Distance, {"latitude_PrevValue", "longitude_PrevValue"})
        ][_RemovedColumns],
    
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("hdRLjsMgEATQq4y8TiZU82c3cwpLke9/jQEmUtmQNF5YuCz1E79+Pref7bbt9blfXztC+4H6Ah4mPcSIu3x8GVs8hsgVIzVy+DbtqcN7eg2Pm4K1XDSrFo5ThEgLtKBajdmtbkmeIp9pCS1RrcbsTrNCwWiF4hwtS8uqlltasdhxDVOBoeVouW79frB8y4Nu+TFKxSdanpZX5xWWVno3L3eaV6AVVKuV2aNu9cLnKBfnaUVaUV3DthZ9IT9ZSMWEKbKn+5VoJdXKPdcm1irbKfKBWCaWVayfqBXmhx1DLpanHuwcMDrWW0fWsFrZT9HpOoOtA9AxWfUpMcVgigTE2DsgOmZXjapVHvZM8H8XXhibB/Tmgd49ko6NeyZSDG8Z2D3gdMyv9qxVHmcmlwPC9lGHx/EH", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type nullable text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [ID_CARD = _t, ID_ACTIVITY = _t, ID_LOCATION = _t, CALDAY = _t, STARTTIME = _t, ENDTIME = _t, latitude = _t, longitude = _t]),
    ChangedType = Table.TransformColumnTypes(Source,{{"ID_CARD", type text}, {"ID_ACTIVITY", type text}, {"ID_LOCATION", type text}, {"CALDAY", type date}, {"STARTTIME", type datetime}, {"ENDTIME", type datetime}}),
    ChangedTypeUS = Table.TransformColumnTypes(ChangedType,{{"latitude", type number}, {"longitude", type number}}, "en-US"),
    GroupedRows = Table.Group(ChangedTypeUS, {"ID_CARD"}, {{"fnCalc", fnCalc, type table}}),
    Combined = Table.Combine(GroupedRows[fnCalc])
in
    Combined