Rank Based on a Switch Sub Category Measure

Here is an approach that creates a virtual table and then filters it to employees of the same type (in the selected context), and then the rank is determined using the Value expression in the RANKX formula.  Please try this measure expression.  I'm not sure why it doesn't match your rank values, but it does calculate rank within each type group.  You can adapt it to get your desired result.  Did you rank based on Employee ID?

Rank by Type =
VAR currenttype = [Sales Employee Type]
VAR overallrank = [Overall Rank by Employee ID]
VAR summary =
    ADDCOLUMNS (
        ALLSELECTED ( Employees[Employee ID] ),
        "@type", [Sales Employee Type],
        "@rank", [Overall Rank by Employee ID]
    )
RETURN
    RANKX ( FILTER ( summary, [@type] = currenttype ), [@rank], overallrank, ASC )

If this works for you, please mark it as the solution.  Kudos are appreciated too.  Please let me know if not.

Regards,

Pat