Boolean column if an ID has specified value in any row?

You can group by ID taking the max over RESTRICTED and then merge that back with the original table like this:

let
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("i45WMjQyVtJRcnIEEkYGRgZAKkQpVgcm7hsMETcCUm5QcUOQeoi4gQFC3BAsDjbI0NIcScIEpNnXBSxuYQgRjwUA", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type nullable text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [ID = _t, DEGREE = _t, YEAR = _t, RESTRICTED = _t]),
    #"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(Source,{{"ID", Int64.Type}, {"DEGREE", type text}, {"YEAR", Int64.Type}, {"RESTRICTED", type text}}),
    #"Grouped Rows" = Table.Group(#"Changed Type", {"ID"}, {{"AnyRestricted", each List.Max([RESTRICTED]), type nullable text}}),
    #"Merged Queries" = Table.NestedJoin(#"Changed Type", {"ID"}, #"Grouped Rows", {"ID"}, "Grouped Rows", JoinKind.LeftOuter),
    #"Expanded Grouped Rows" = Table.ExpandTableColumn(#"Merged Queries", "Grouped Rows", {"AnyRestricted"}, {"AnyRestricted"})
in
    #"Expanded Grouped Rows"