power bi function ALL strange behavior

Hello !

Thank you for posting on Fabric community.

I think that the issue is about how Power BI is treating target_lfs_agg.age_group as a text column that is not truly disconnected from context.  When you use ALL(Query1[target_lfs_agg.age_group]) thisis removes the filter only on that column. Power BI re-applies the visual-level context to show a bar per category even though the measure ignores the filter from the column itself.

Your second visualuses target_lfs_agg.age_group_id which is numeric, (I assumed that you use it as a surrogate key) and because it's an integer and doesn’t carry any internal display logic or metadata (like formatted labels), Power BI doesn’t re-apply as much context automatically, especially if it's not used elsewhere in visuals or sorting.

So you should try :

Measure 2 = 
CALCULATE(
    COUNTA(Query1[target_lfs_agg.f_m_id]),
    REMOVEFILTERS(Query1[target_lfs_agg.age_group])
)

or Measure 2 = 
CALCULATE(
    COUNTA(Query1[target_lfs_agg.f_m_id]),
    ALL(Query1)
)