PowerBI calculation using column values separated by 7 days

A couple comments:

Your example talks about 7 days prior but it actually shows 6 days prior.

Are you sure you want logarithm dualis?

Did you mean columns when you wrote columns?

Here's the approach according to your example.

LogN table in Power Query:

let
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("lZFLDoMwDESvUrGuwJ/Y8ZwFcf9rNJUawEAWXVjK4j05nlnXyRZfhISm9/Rq4/X3OGZ7f6maqBhQkSgMKJypSgOKKWE8wjhhMsLkjMXtXprFLDRApRuajA7ut9OsZiXIzbpRng0chpbCIEU37NHYM2kGqzuVuhv+bPBxB5ThWr0bqTrckmo7hCFB2O+IRyOOX7EDYkTcjVQp9Po9mgkubMp9h6R22+qbweJgYZZu8N+G/G2kzlGvETSDggy1tHS3Dw==", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type nullable text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [Date = _t, #" " = _t, NewObs = _t, #" .1" = _t, #" Obs7DaysPrior " = _t, #" .2" = _t, #"LOG((NewObs/Obs7DaysPrior),2)" = _t]),
    #"Removed Other Columns" = Table.SelectColumns(Source,{"Date", "NewObs"}),
    #"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(#"Removed Other Columns",{{"Date", type date}, {"NewObs", type number}})
in
    #"Changed Type"

Calculated Columns (!)

Obs7DaysPrior = 
var d = LogN[Date]
return CALCULATE(sum(LogN[NewObs]),all(LogN),LogN[Date]=d-6)

LogN = LOG(divide(LogN[NewObs],LogN[Obs7DaysPrior]),2)

And the result