Identify students that failed previous course

Hello jsbourni ,

It would be better if you add sample data (remove sensitive if any) and output to check further. Meanwhile you can try below steps :

1. Create a Calculated Column to Identify Retakes:

    //calculated column that flags when a course is retaken by a student after failing.

    IsRetake =
VAR PrevAttempt =
CALCULATE(
MAX('StudentData'[Semester]),
ALLEXCEPT('StudentData', 'StudentData'[ID], 'StudentData'[Course]),
'StudentData'[Semester] < EARLIER('StudentData'[Semester]),
'StudentData'[Grade] = "E"
)
RETURN IF(ISBLANK(PrevAttempt), 0, 1)

2. Create a Measure to Count Retakes: 

    RetakeCount =
CALCULATE(
COUNTROWS('StudentData'),
'StudentData'[IsRetake] = 1
)

//This measure sums the number of retakes across the dataset where the flag is set to 1

I hope this helps .

Did I solve your query , if yes kindly mark this as solution :).

Cheers