Filter table by / based on multiple entries

This is something you can quickly throw together in Power Query.  Grouping in Power Query does not force you to throw away the underlying data. A little bit of sorting before the grouping gets the data in the right order, and then you can use the {0} addressing to grab the first (newest) date.

let
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("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", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type nullable text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [Publication = _t, #"Date (UTC)" = _t, Date = _t, Year = _t, YearMonth = _t, CompetencyNodeId = _t, CompetencyTitle = _t, Continent = _t, Country = _t, DeviceType = _t, EventName = _t, HourOfDay = _t, Language = _t, Locality = _t, SelectedLevelNodeId = _t, SelectedLevelTitle = _t, SessionDuration = _t, SessionID = _t, TargetLevelNodeId = _t, TargetLevelReached = _t, TargetLevelTitle = _t, TopicVersion = _t, TsSessionID = _t, UniqueUserID = _t, UserPrimaryRole = _t, #"UserRegião" = _t, UserRegion = _t, #"UserRegión" = _t, #"Userrégion" = _t, Userregione = _t, UserRoles = _t]),
    #"Sorted Rows" = Table.Sort(Source,{{"Date (UTC)", Order.Descending}}),
    #"Grouped Rows" = Table.Group(#"Sorted Rows", {"UniqueUserID", "CompetencyTitle"}, {{"Contents", each _, type table [Publication=nullable text, #"Date (UTC)"=nullable datetime, Date=nullable date, Year=nullable number, YearMonth=nullable date, CompetencyNodeId=nullable text, CompetencyTitle=nullable text, Continent=nullable text, Country=nullable text, DeviceType=nullable text, EventName=nullable text, HourOfDay=nullable text, Language=nullable text, Locality=nullable text, SelectedLevelNodeId=nullable text, SelectedLevelTitle=nullable text, SessionDuration=nullable text, SessionID=nullable text, TargetLevelNodeId=nullable text, TargetLevelReached=nullable text, TargetLevelTitle=nullable text, TopicVersion=nullable text, TsSessionID=nullable text, UniqueUserID=nullable text, UserPrimaryRole=nullable text, #"UserRegião"=nullable text, UserRegion=nullable text, #"UserRegión"=nullable text, #"Userrégion"=nullable text, Userregione=nullable text, UserRoles=nullable text]}}),
    #"Added Custom" = Table.AddColumn(#"Grouped Rows", "Last Entry", each [Contents]{0}),
    #"Expanded Last Entry" = Table.ExpandRecordColumn(#"Added Custom", "Last Entry", {"Date (UTC)"}, {"Date (UTC)"})
in
    #"Expanded Last Entry"