DAX filter performance issue

I'd consider expanding the table with the dates so you have a row per day for each item:

Have a look at:

Date Expansion 

It takes a basic table with From and To dates and then in power query:

1) Adds a Number of Days custom column:

Number.From( [Date To] - [Date From] ) + 1

2) Sets it's data type as whole number.

3) Adds a custom column to contain a list of dates:

List.Dates([Date From], [Number of Days], #duration(1, 0, 0, 0))

4) Expands the list to new rows.

5) Removed other columns.

6) Set date column as a date.

I think you can use this to massively increase the speed of the filter on that table.

If you're then still having performance issues the only other thing I can think is to move the filter directly in DAX by getting VALUES ( 'Binding Authority'[UMR] ) and using TREATAS within calculate to move it directly over to your big table.