Assign students a pass/fail status based on how many tests they've passed

afaherty  PFA

HI afaherty 
I hope something like this would satisfy your requirements.

Pass/Fail = 
VAR PassLimit = SELECTEDVALUE ( 'Pass Limit'[Pass Limit] )
VAR CurrentStudentTable =
    CALCULATETABLE ( 'Table', ALLEXCEPT ( 'Table', 'Table'[Student], 'Table'[Test] ) )
VAR Passes =
    FILTER ( CurrentStudentTable, 'Table'[Pass_Fail] = "Pass" )
VAR Result =
    IF (
        DIVIDE ( COUNTROWS ( Passes ), COUNTROWS ( CurrentStudentTable ) ) >= PassLimit,
        "Pass",
        "Fail"
    )
VAR CurrentResult = SELECTEDVALUE ( 'Table'[Pass_Fail] )
RETURN
    IF (
        HASONEVALUE ( 'Table'[Subtest] ),
        CurrentResult,
        Result
    )

Result = 
IF ( 
    ISINSCOPE ( 'Table'[Test] )
        && ISINSCOPE ( 'Table'[Student] ),
    [Pass/Fail],
    SUMX ( 
        SUMMARIZE ( 'Table', 'Table'[Student], 'Table'[Test] ), 
        IF ( [Pass/Fail] = "Pass", 1 ) 
    )
)

afaherty 
Please refer to attached

Pass/Fail = 
VAR PassLimit = SELECTEDVALUE ( 'Pass Limit'[Pass Limit] )
VAR CurrentStudentTable =
    CALCULATETABLE ( 'Table', ALLEXCEPT ( 'Table', 'Table'[Student], 'Table'[Test] ) )
VAR Passes =
    FILTER ( CurrentStudentTable, 'Table'[Pass_Fail] = "Pass" )
VAR Result =
    IF (
        DIVIDE ( COUNTROWS ( Passes ), COUNTROWS ( CurrentStudentTable ) ) >= PassLimit,
        "Pass",
        "Fail"
    )
VAR CurrentResult = SELECTEDVALUE ( 'Table'[Pass_Fail] )
RETURN
    IF (
        HASONEVALUE ( 'Table'[Subtest] ),
        CurrentResult,
        Result
    )

Result = 
VAR T = SUMMARIZE ( 'Table', 'Table'[Student], 'Table'[Test] )
VAR Students = COUNTROWS ( T )
VAR Passed = SUMX ( T, IF ( [Pass/Fail] = "Pass", 1, 0 ) )
VAR PassedPCT = FORMAT ( DIVIDE ( Passed, Students ), "Percent" )
RETURN
IF ( 
    ISINSCOPE ( 'Table'[Test] ),
    IF ( 
        ISINSCOPE ( 'Table'[Student] ),
        [Pass/Fail],
        "Passed " & Passed & " Student(s)" & UNICHAR ( 10 ) & "(" & PassedPCT & ")"
    )
)

afaherty