Creating excel like cell-based dropdown in Power BI Table

Power BI is fundamentally for querying, transforming (queried data), and visualizing data and not modifying data sources. If you are looking for a simple way to achieve this, I'm not aware of any.

That said, you can somewhat get what you want with the Power App visual: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/power-apps/maker/canvas-apps/powerapps-custom-visual

The approach would be to develop a separate app in Power Apps that uses as its source the data you pull from the Power BI dataset it's embedded in (and any other you may desire). E.g. you could have a user select a row in a visual, pass a SharePoint item ID to the embedded app, in the app have a SharePoint edit item experience that the user can interact with all within a Power BI report.

We're getting out of scope of this forum, but I would suggest instead relying on this functionality in a system/tool/platform designed to handle CRUD operations (e.g. SharePoint, Smartsheet, even Excel, etc.), and then connecting that system with Power BI for reporting.