Memorable MemberNo, it not work.
Based on your screenshots, you selected last two weeks. But your data not containing current week. Current week is from 2/21/2021to 2/27/2021 (in American numbering, in Europe is using another week numbering, which Power does not support, but it is another story), and there data are filtered out.
Same issue is for calendar months, most common what business want to see, last 12 whole calendar months (including current), when set using slicer (same is in filter):
... user not see data from current month - February (the most important value of this month). Applied operator is only "<", not "<=" as you say.
There not easy (for business people) way how to report last N calendar months including current month.
There exist numerous workarounds (see link), but all of them need programing skills and make performance impact to report. It's not seamless and easy as is proclaimed by Microsoft.
This is bug, may be not programming bug, but sure bug in design of this component.
To you addition, range filter work, but it work only on daily bias, use this filter to filtering whole months or weeks is mission impossible. But most important, is it not relative, there more options how to static filter data, but there not usable option to filter relative, most common what business want, see last N whole months, including this month.