Previous Record

Hi Sir_night

You could create the following measure as long as you have got a Date table, which is required for the measure below.

To create a Date table you can follow this blog post: https://www.fourmoo.com/2016/09/13/power-bi-how-to-easily-create-dynamic-date-tabledimension-with-fiscal-attributes-using-power-query/

And then once that is done you can then create the following measure.

Measure Yesterday Rolling = 
CALCULATE (
    [Measure Name],
    LASTNONBLANK ( DATEADD ( 'Date'[Date], -1, DAY ), [Measure Name] )
)

Sir_night

In your scenario, since you already have an index column, if you want to calculate previous record, you can create a calculated column with EARLIER to get the corresponding one:

previous record =
CALCULATE (
    MAX ( Table[status change] ),
    FILTER ( Table, Table[index] = EARLIER ( Table[Index] ) - 1 )
)

However, based on your data, it seems your "prevouse record" shows the next "status change", so your column might be:

=
CALCULATE (
    MAX ( Table[status change] ),
    FILTER ( Table, Table[index] = EARLIER ( Table[Index] ) + 1 )
)

Regards,