Difficulty in comparing same measure but different values

Hello, sorry for the delay.

I made a sample file with dummy values which show exactly what's needed, just click the link.
We're having much trouble 'translating' it into PBI 'cause we couldn't find a way to filter the table to pick specific values from the columns by comparing them, and since the DAX functions iterate in rows, it's kind of hard to see the logic behind it. Also, we had trouble working with date/time in PBI, by using the date today to compare with another one in the past.....but since we use a different value for comparison, I'm not sure how much of a trouble it can be for the final solution.
The dummy has the results we want, but here's another snipped from the desired result:

If there's anyway to replicate exactly what's in the spreadsheet in PBI we'll be able to perform the calculations we need - thanks in advance for your assistance. If you need any further info, please do let me know.