Complex Conditional Column

Hi,

This calculated column formula works

=if(CALCULATE(COUNTROWS(Table1),FILTER(Table1,Table1[Column A]=EARLIER(Table1[Column A])&&Table1[Column B]="Yes"))>=1,"Yes",BLANK())

Hope this helps.

See the working here - Open a blank query - Home - Advanced Editor - Remove everything from there and paste the below code to test (later on when you use the query on your dataset, you will have to change the source appropriately. If you have columns other than these, then delete Changed type step and do a Changed type for complete table from UI again).

Note - Replaced value step may not be needed for you as I have used that to generate nulls in place of blank.

let
    Source = Table.FromRows(Json.Document(Binary.Decompress(Binary.FromText("rdC7DcAgDATQXVxTYOMfo0SIMhNkfylARYRCmrRPZ53tUgApimZjVjEIcJwX1LDw1gyZWXL+1TTxh6lTn7X0YtMpm6jTZIatotX4wzz2nC6mcX6DMY0VcVi9AQ==", BinaryEncoding.Base64), Compression.Deflate)), let _t = ((type nullable text) meta [Serialized.Text = true]) in type table [#"Column A" = _t, #"Column B" = _t]),
    #"Replaced Value" = Table.ReplaceValue(Source,"",null,Replacer.ReplaceValue,{"Column B"}),
    #"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(#"Replaced Value",{{"Column A", Int64.Type}, {"Column B", type text}}),
    #"Grouped Rows" = Table.Group(#"Changed Type", {"Column A"}, {{"Temp", each _, type table [Column A=nullable number, Column B=nullable text]}}),
        //Function Start
        fxProcess=(Tbl)=>
        let
            #"Added Custom" = Table.AddColumn(Tbl, "Column C", each if List.Count(List.Select(Tbl[Column B],each _="Yes"))>0 then "Yes" else null)
        in
            #"Added Custom",
    //Function End
    #"Added Custom" = Table.AddColumn(#"Grouped Rows", "Custom", each fxProcess([Temp])),
    #"Expanded Custom" = Table.ExpandTableColumn(#"Added Custom", "Custom", {"Column B", "Column C"}, {"Column B", "Column C"}),
    #"Removed Columns" = Table.RemoveColumns(#"Expanded Custom",{"Temp"})
in
    #"Removed Columns"