Access calculated table in multiple reports

Let's make sure the terminology is clear here.

A .pbix file is a collection of queries that point to data sources.  

Together with the data model these queries combine into a dataset that you load into the workspace.

What you can do at this moment is share the dataset , both to reports inside the workspace/app, but also to reports in other workspaces. (assuming workspaces are "new", v2)

This gives you control over data acquisition, ETL, and the data model, and gives the subscribers to the shared dataset the flexibility to create their own visualizations, all off the same common dataset.

Next step is to promote and certify the dataset so more developers know about it or are forced to use it.

Next step is to use an actual data modeling tool (like CDM) to ensure cross-company consistency.

Yes, I know, wishful thinking. One can but dream.